The Difference Between a Simple and a Surgical Wisdom Tooth Extraction

If you have a troublesome wisdom tooth, you may have been considering getting a wisdom teeth removal. And even when this procedure sounds daunting, not all wisdom teeth extractions are the same.

The truth about the procedure is that some are quick and straightforward, while others are more complex and may involve minor surgery. Understanding the difference between a simple and a surgical wisdom tooth extraction can help you feel more comfortable and prepared before your actual wisdom tooth removal appointment.

In this guide, we’ll explain what makes each procedure different, why some teeth are harder to remove than others, and what you can expect during recovery.

Why Do You Need a Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

Wisdom teeth are the last set of molars to come through, usually between the ages of 17 and 25. In some people, they erupt normally and fit comfortably into the mouth. But for many, there is not enough space in the jaw for these teeth to grow properly.

When there’s limited room, a wisdom tooth may become impacted, which means it’s trapped under the gum or bone, or grows at an angle instead of straight up. Impacted teeth can cause several problems, such as:

• Pain or swelling at the back of the mouth
• Infection around the gums
• Pressure on nearby teeth, causing movement or crowding
• Damage to the neighboring tooth such as decay or resorbtion of the root
• Difficulty cleaning the area, which can lead to decay or gum disease

In these situations, your dentist may recommend wisdom teeth removal to prevent future issues or relieve existing discomfort.

What is a Simple Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

A simple extraction is the more straightforward type of wisdom teeth extraction. It’s usually done when the tooth:

• Has fully erupted through the gum (you can see it in the mouth)
• Has a straight root structure (not too long, thick, or curved)
• Is surrounded by healthy, less dense bone

In a simple extraction, your dentist loosens the tooth using special instruments and gently removes it with forceps. The process does not require cutting the gum or bone, and stitches are usually not needed.

This procedure is generally done under local anaesthetic, so you will be awake but will not feel any pain. You might feel some pressure, but the whole process is often over within minutes.

When is a Surgical Wisdom Tooth Extraction Needed?

A surgical wisdom tooth extraction (sometimes called wisdom teeth surgical removal) is more complex. This procedure is needed when:

• The wisdom tooth is impacted or has not fully erupted
• The tooth is growing at an angle (e.g., sideways or tilted)
• The roots are long, curved, or twisted
• The surrounding bone is too dense
• The tooth is partially or completely covered by gum or bone

During a surgical extraction, your dentist will need to:

1. Make a small incision in the gum to access the tooth.
2. Remove a small amount of bone if necessary to reach it.
3. Section or cut the tooth into smaller pieces so it can be taken out safely.
4. Clean the area and close it with dissolvable stitches to help it heal.

This procedure can be done with a local anaesthetic, but some patients may also choose Nitrous Oxide (laughing gas) or General Anaesthetic if they feel anxious or if multiple teeth need removal in one visit.

Sectional Wisdom Tooth Extraction – The In-Between Step

Sometimes, the extraction starts off as simple but turns out to be more difficult once your dentist begins. For example, the bone might be denser than expected, or the tooth may not move as easily as it looks on the X-ray.

In these cases, your dentist might need to section the tooth by cutting it into smaller pieces to remove it safely without breaking the roots. This is called a sectional wisdom tooth extraction, and it’s a middle ground between a simple and a surgical procedure.

It’s also quite common for dentists to make this judgment during the procedure, as X-rays don’t always reveal how dense the bone is or how firmly the tooth is anchored.

Recovery Time: Simple vs. Surgical Extractions

Your recovery time will depend on the type of extraction and your general health.

Simple Extraction Recovery

• Recovery is usually quick, where most people feel back to normal in about 3 to 7 days.
• Mild discomfort and swelling may occur for the first few days, but they can be managed with over-the-counter pain relief and rest.

Surgical Extraction Recovery

• Healing usually takes 10 to 14 days or more, depending on the complexity.
• You may have swelling, bruising, or mild stiffness when opening your mouth.
• Your dentist may prescribe stronger pain relief or antibiotics if needed.

Other factors that can affect recovery include:

• Age: Younger patients may generally heal faster.
• General health: Conditions like diabetes or osteoporosis can slow healing.
• Smoking: Smoking can delay recovery and increase the risk of infection or dry socket (when the blood clot protecting the bone comes loose too early).

Learn more ways how you can recover after your wisdom tooth extraction here. 

Understanding Your Options Helps You Prepare

A simple wisdom tooth extraction is quick and straightforward, while a surgical wisdom tooth extraction is more complex and involves removing gum or bone. Sometimes, your dentist may not know which one you’ll need until they start the procedure.

To know better if you need a wisdom tooth extraction in Blackburn, VIC, our team at Whitehorse Dental is here to explain your options and guide you through your wisdom teeth removal. Early assessment can help prevent complications and keep your smile healthy.

Schedule an appointment with us to know more.